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Experience one of Shelby County’s most unique historic landmarks. Built in 1893, the county jail housed prisoners for decades and remains a remarkable reminder of nineteenth-century law enforcement in central Illinois.
The History of the 1893 Jail
The History of the 1893 Jail
A New Jail for Shelby County
A New Jail for Shelby County
By 1891, Shelby County’s existing jail was showing its age. A grand jury reported that it was unsafe and insecure and recommended that a new jail be built. County officials began studying possible locations and examining other jails as models for a new facility that would provide greater security and better accommodations for prisoners.
Building the 1893 Jail
Building the 1893 Jail
On March 14, 1892, the county accepted plans for a new sheriff’s residence and jail, with construction beginning soon afterward. The combined building was contracted for just under $12,000. While construction was underway, Shelby County prisoners were housed at the Moultrie County Jail. By January 3, 1893, the building committee reported that the new jail and residence were complete and ready for use. The following day, January 4, the county inspected and formally accepted the new building.
Designed for Security
Designed for Security
The new jail was designed so the sheriff could monitor prisoners without entering the cell areas. Three iron cells were arranged on each side of a central passageway, with additional cells on the second floor. Heavy iron construction, barred windows, secure doors, and mechanical locking systems were intended to prevent escape while still providing light and ventilation. A corridor around the cells allowed the sheriff to inspect prisoners from outside the secured areas.
Explore the Jail
Explore the Jail
Many of the jail’s original features remain, including its cells, ironwork, doors, and mechanical locking systems. Take a closer look at the spaces once used by prisoners and law enforcement.
Outside the Bullpen
Outside the Bullpen
The sheriff could walk around the outside of the bullpen, allowing him to inspect each cell.
Cell Door
Cell Door
A solid steel door with a small opening provided controlled access to an individual cell.
Original Locking Mechanism
Original Locking Mechanism
Mechanical controls allowed the bullpen door to be secured.
Prison Shower
Prison Shower
One public shower was available for all inmates.
Stories Behind the Bars
Stories Behind the Bars
Over the decades, the old Shelby County Jail held many prisoners—and accumulated plenty of stories. Escapes and attempted escapes, unusual inmates, local crimes, sheriffs and jailers all became part of its history. Newspaper accounts and Society records continue to help us uncover the stories of the people who passed through these cells.
Watch for more Stories Behind the Bars as we continue exploring the jail’s history.
Experience the Jail
Experience the Jail
Visitors can explore the historic 1893 jail during regular museum hours. Walk through the cell blocks, see the original ironwork and locking mechanisms, and experience the spaces where Shelby County prisoners were once confined.
Group and school tours are also welcome and can include both the museum and historic jail.
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